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FSCI Indicators Breakdown

The Food Systems Countdown Initiative (FSCI) is a collaborative interdisciplinary effort to monitor global food systems. The FSCI developed a framework that includes five themes: (1) diets, nutrition, and health; (2) environment, natural resources, and production; (3) livelihoods, poverty, and equity; (4) governance; and (5) resilience and identified 50 indicators across these themes. This page presents national level data for these 50 indicators for Peru.

Peru income group: Upper Middle Income
Comparison
Peru
South America
World

Diets, Nutrition, and Health

Less Desirable
More Desirable
Peru
3.55
South America
3.65
World
3.32
PPP dollar/capita/day
Cost of a healthy diet per capita
3.55 PPP dollar/capita/day
Per-person cost of the least expensive locally available foods to meet daily needs, based on food-based dietary guidelines
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
34%
South America
29%
World
37%
Percent of the population who cannot afford a healthy diet
34%
Share of the population whose food budget is less than the cost of a healthy diet
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
347.1
South America
302.4
World
256.7
g/capita/day
Availability of fruits
347.1 g/capita/day
Amount of fruits—an underconsumed yet highly nutritious food group—available in a country’s food supply per capita per day
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
165.1
South America
211.8
World
278.9
g/capita/day
Availability of vegetables
165.1 g/capita/day
Amount of vegetables—an underconsumed yet highly nutritious food group—available in a country’s food supply per capita per day
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
23%
South America
65%
World
68%
Percent of the population using safely managed drinking water services
23%
Share of the population that gets drinking water from an improved source, providing the clean water essential for food security (SDG 6.1.1)
2022
Peru
78.9
South America
74.3
World
155.1
current PPP dollar/capita/year
Retail value (total sales) of ultra-processed foods per capita
78.9 current PPP dollar/capita/year
Annual perperson sales of ultra-processed foods, which are known to be associated with poor health outcomes
2021
South America
79%
World
66%
MDD-W: Minimum dietary diversity for women
No Data
Share of women who consumed at least the minimum recommended food groups the previous day, which makes it more likely they consume adequate micronutrients
South America
37%
World
39%
All-5: Consumption of all five food groups
No Data
Share of the adult population consuming all five food groups typically recommended for daily consumption
South America
3.9
World
3.8
NCD-Protect
No Data
Average score for adults on an indicator of dietary practices protective against noncommunicable diseases, like eating enough fiber, on a scale from 0 to 9
South America
2.7
World
2.1
NCD-Risk
No Data
Average score for adults on an indicator of dietary practices known to raise the risk of noncommunicable diseases, like eating too much sugar, on a scale from 0 to 9
South America
7%
World
11%
Adults: Zero fruit or vegetable consumption
No Data
Share of adults who did not consume any fruits or vegetables the previous day
South America
33%
World
19%
Adults: Soft drink consumption
No Data
Share of adults who consumed a sugar-sweetened soft drink, which are generally known to be unhealthy, during the previous day
Peru
7%
South America
6%
World
11%
POU: Prevalence of undernourishment
7%
Share of the population that goes hungry—that is, lacks enough calories for a healthy, active life (SDG 2.1.1)
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
South America
27%
World
29%
Percent of the population experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity
No Data
Share of the population experiencing food insecurity, measured according to the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) (SDG 2.1.2)
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
84%
South America
70%
World
32%
MDD (IYCF): Minimum dietary diversity for infants and young children
84%
Share of young children who consumed at least the minimum recommended food groups the previous day, which makes it more likely they consume adequate micronutrients
2019
Source: UNICEF
Peru
6
South America
14
World
39
% population 6-23 months
Children (6-23 months): Zero fruit or vegetable consumption
6% population 6-23 months
Share of young children who did not consume any fruits or vegetables the previous day
2019
Source: UNICEF
Less Desirable
More Desirable

Environment, natural resources, and production

Less Desirable
More Desirable
Peru
37%
South America
67%
World
63%
Cropland nitrogen use efficiency
37%
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
0.5
South America
0.5
World
0.4
tonnes/ha
Cereals yield
0.5 tonnes/ha
Yield, or production per unit area (tonnes per hectare)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2022
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
1.6
South America
1.7
World
1.4
tonnes/ha
Fruit yield
1.6 tonnes/ha
Yield, or production per unit area (tonnes per hectare)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2022
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
1.3
South America
2
World
2
tonnes/ha
Vegetable yield
1.3 tonnes/ha
Yield, or production per unit area (tonnes per hectare)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2022
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
23,763
South America
24,649.6
World
22,628.8
100 g/animal
Cow's milk yield
23,763 100 g/animal
Yield, or production per animal (100 g per animal)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2022
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
146.4
South America
238.5
World
221
kg/animal
Beef yield
146.4 kg/animal
Yield, or production per animal (100 g per animal)—an indicator of how efficient production is
2022
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
62.4
South America
29.2
World
21.2
Fishery health index progress score
62.4
An indicator summarizing the availability and sustainability of fish, which are at risk of overfishing or environmental degradation
2021
Peru
138,491.5
South America
205,947.7
World
83,692.6
kT CO2eq
Agri-food systems greenhouse gas emissions
138,491.5 kT CO2eq
Greenhouse gas emissions (kt CO2 equivalents) from food systems
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
0.4
South America
0.2
World
0.2
kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for cereals (excluding rice)
0.4 kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions (kg CO2 equivalents) per kilogram produced of cereals (excluding rice)
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
0.9
South America
0.9
World
1.1
kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for rice
0.9 kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions (kg CO2 equivalents) per kilogram produced of rice
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
1.1
South America
1
World
1
kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for cow's milk
1.1 kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions (kg CO2 equivalents) per kilogram produced of cow's milk
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
51.8
South America
43.5
World
28.3
kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for beef
51.8 kg CO2eq/kg product
Greenhouse gas emissions (kg CO2 equivalents) per kilogram produced of beef
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
3
South America
1
World
0
% change
Cropland area change
3% change
Average percentage change in cropland over the previous five years; expanding cropland is a major driver of biodiversity and ecosystem service loss and greenhouse gas emissions
2021
Source: FSCI
Peru
95
South America
64
World
43
% agricultural land
Functional integrity: Agricultural land with minimum level of natural habitat
95% agricultural land
Percentage of agricultural land area with enough semi-natural or natural habitat, relative to the amount of cropland or rangeland, to maintain biodiversity and functioning ecosystems
2015
Peru
2%
South America
1%
World
17%
Agriculture water withdrawal as percent of total renewable water resources
2%
Water withdrawn for irrigation each year, as a percentage of the total renewable water resources available
2020
Source: AQUASTAT
Peru
1.7
South America
8
World
2.3
kg/ha
Pesticide use per area of cropland
1.7 kg/ha
The use of pesticides per area of cropland (kg active ingredient per hectare); pesticide use can cause pollution and harm health
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Less Desirable
More Desirable

Livelihoods, Poverty, and Equity

Less Desirable
More Desirable
Peru
7
South America
6
World
4
% GDP
Share of agriculture in GDP
7% GDP
Percentage of a country’s GDP derived from agriculture, a measure of the level of economic development of the country
2022
Source: FAOSTAT
Peru
1
South America
6
World
4
% working age population
Unemployment rate (Rural)
1% working age population
Percentage of working-age people in rural areas who are unemployed
2022
Source: ILO
Peru
7
South America
10
World
6
% working age population
Underemployment rate (Rural)
7% working age population
Percentage of working-age people in rural areas who are underemployed (i.e., worked fewer hours than expected)
2022
Source: ILO
Peru
90
South America
62
World
58
% population
Social protection coverage
90% population
Percentage of people who live in households that benefit from social protection programs, like cash transfers and health insurance
2021
Source: World Bank
Peru
10
South America
34
World
23
% welfare of beneficiary households
Social protection adequacy
10% welfare of beneficiary households
An indicator showing the extent to which social protection is sufficient to meet household needs
2021
Source: World Bank
Peru
8
South America
5
World
8
% children 5-17
Percent of children 5-17 years engaged in child labor
8% children 5-17
Percentage of children ages 5–17 who are engaged in child labor, the majority of which is known to be in the food system and specifically in agriculture
2020
Source: UNICEF
Peru
8
South America
8
World
31
% landholdings
Share of women among owners or rights-bearers of agricultural land
8% landholdings
2019
Source:
Less Desirable
More Desirable

Governance

Less Desirable
More Desirable
Peru
0.7
South America
0.7
World
0.6
Civil society participation index
0.7
An indicator capturing the level of participation in civil society organizations
2022
Peru
12%
South America
38%
World
8%
Percent of the urban population living in cities signed onto the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact
12%
Percentage of the urban population that lives in cities signed on to the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact, suggesting prioritization of food issues in urban planning
2023
Source: Milan Urban Food Policy Pact
Oakridge National Laboratory (Landscan population product)
FSCI
Degree of legal recognition of the right to food
No Data
An indicator that classifies countries by the extent to which national laws or policies recognize or enact people’s right to sufficient food
Source: FAOLEXFSCI
Presence of a national food system transformation pathway
No Data
Whether the country has developed a food system transformation pathway through the UNFSS process
Source: FAOFSCI
Peru
-0.4
South America
-0.5
World
0
Government effectiveness index
-0.4
An index capturing the perception of how effective the government is in making and enforcing policies and providing services
2022
Peru
80
South America
89.2
World
69.5
Food safety capacity
80
Whether functioning mechanisms exist to detect and respond to foodborne disease issues, measured as the percentage of a set of criteria met
2020
Presence of national health-related food environment policies
No Data
Whether the country has any health-related food taxes, which are used to discourage consumption of unhealthy foods
Peru
1.4
South America
1.1
World
0.2
V-Dem accountability index
1.4
An index capturing the extent to which the government is seen as being accountable for its actions
2022
Peru
61
South America
61.9
World
43
Open budget index score
61
A score based on how easily the public can access information about how the government raises and spends money
2021
Guarantees for public access to information
No Data
Whether the country has and implements guarantees for access to information (SDG 16.10.2)
Less Desirable
More Desirable

Resilience

Less Desirable
More Desirable
Ratio of total damages from all disasters to GDP
No Data
Cost of all damage from natural disasters, as a percentage of GDP
Source: EM-DAT
Peru
0.8
South America
0.6
World
0.7
Dietary sourcing flexibility index
0.8
An index capturing the diversity of pathways through which food reaches consumers, indicating how difficult it is to disrupt the food supply
2019
Source:
FAO
Peru
122
South America
118.9
World
110.1
Number per 100 people
Mobile cellular subscriptions
122 Number per 100 people
Number of mobile phone subscriptions as a percentage of the population, indicating the level of infrastructure and access to information to respond to shocks
2022
Peru
0.2
South America
0.2
World
0.5
Social capital index
0.2
An index for the social capital in the country—how much people feel they can trust and can rely on their government and one another
2021
Peru
35
South America
30
World
25
% agricultural land
Proportion of agricultural land with minimum level of species diversity (crop and pasture)
35% agricultural land
Percentage of agricultural land (crop and pasture) containing a sufficient diversity of species, which helps cope with shocks and changes
2020
Source:
Jones et al. 2021
Peru
16,216
South America
114,908.5
World
163,165.1
Number of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in either medium- or long-term conservation facilities
16,216
Number of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in medium- or long-term conservation facilities (SDG 2.5.1)
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
South America
0.7
World
3.8
Number of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in either medium- or long-term conservation facilities
No Data
Number of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in medium- or long-term conservation facilities (SDG 2.5.1)
Source: FAOSTAT
South America
0.4
World
0.4
Prevalence of severe coping strategies
No Data
Percentage of high-risk populations who need to rely on extreme strategies to cope with food insecurity
Source:
WFP
Peru
0.7
South America
0.7
World
0.7
Food price volatility
0.7
How much food prices vary over time, indicating how well the food system can respond to shocks
2022
Source: FAOSTATFSCI
Peru
22
South America
39.8
World
32.2
kcal/capita/day
Food supply variability per capita
22 kcal/capita/day
How much the food supply (in calories per person per day) varies over time, indicating how well the food system can respond to shocks
2021
Source: FAOSTAT
Less Desirable
More Desirable